Tips for Tablets

Immediate release (IR) tablets are designed to disintegrate rapidly in the gastrointestinal tract, ensuring fast drug absorption and onset of action. The disintegration time of an IR tablet is a critical quality attribute that directly influences dissolution, bioavailability, and therapeutic effectiveness. Several factors, including tablet formulation, excipient selection, compression force, and environmental conditions, can affect disintegration time.
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Surfactants play a significant role in pharmaceutical formulations, particularly in modulating the dissolution rate of extended-release (ER) tablets. In ER formulations, achieving a controlled and predictable drug release profile is crucial for maintaining therapeutic efficacy over a prolonged period. However, factors such as poor drug solubility, hydrophobic matrix systems, and variable gastrointestinal conditions can affect dissolution rates, leading to inconsistent drug absorption.
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Uniform coating weight is critical in pharmaceutical tablet manufacturing to ensure consistent drug release, aesthetic appeal, and tablet stability. Variations in coating weight across different batch sizes can lead to dosage inconsistency, poor adhesion, and quality control failures. These inconsistencies often arise due to differences in spray rate, air flow, pan speed, and coating solution composition.
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One of the major challenges in tablet formulation is ensuring sufficient mechanical strength while maintaining desired dissolution and disintegration properties. Tablets containing large API molecules often exhibit increased brittleness due to poor compressibility, weak interparticle bonding, and reduced plastic deformation. This brittleness can result in tablet breakage, friability issues, capping, and poor weight uniformity, ultimately affecting product quality and patient compliance.
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Sticking during tablet compression is a common problem in immediate release (IR) tablet manufacturing. It occurs when the tablet material adheres to the punch surfaces instead of forming a smooth tablet surface. This can lead to poor tablet appearance, weight variation, and reduced tablet integrity. Sticking is often caused by poor powder flow, excessive moisture, inadequate lubrication, or inappropriate punch surface characteristics.
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Particle size distribution (PSD) plays a crucial role in the manufacturing and performance of film-coated tablets. Variations in particle size can affect tablet compressibility, flowability, coating uniformity, and dissolution rates. Poor PSD control may result in coating defects such as orange peel effect, rough surface texture, and adhesion failure.
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